Modern tram solar container capacitor

What is a supercapacitor and accelerating contact line hybrid tram system?

A supercapacitor and accelerating contact line hybrid tram system is proposed. A tram consumes high energy during acceleration but, low energy thereafter. Supercapacitors can be charged fast but, they have low energy density. During acceleration, a tram draws power from accelerating contact line.

What is a supercapacitor tram system?

Attributed to supercapacitors having high power density but low energy density, a supercapacitor tram system often has charging infrastructure at every stopping station. Characterized by high inertial and low rolling friction, a tram consumes high energy during acceleration but, low energy thereafter.

What is a battery powered tram?

The new technology is based on an onboard energy storage system (OBESS), with scalable battery capacity. It can be installed directly on the roof of existing trams - saving on costs, and visual impact – all while ensuring better environmental performance for a more sustainable society. In Florence, battery powered trams have been tested since 2021.

Why do we need a lithium-ion capacitor for trams?

Another issue is the deterioration of the landscape due to the installation of overhead lines. Especially in tourist spots, there are increasing calls for the adoption of catenary-free trams. Lithium-ion capacitors meet the requirements of trams such as long life, high current rate charging / discharging, and high safety.

How much energy does a tram use?

The greater the distance between stations, the greater the demand energy. The first interval has the largest distance and maximum energy consumption. If the recovered braking energy is not included, the energy consumption is 7.012 kwh. Fig. 3. DC bus demand energy curve. The tram adopts the power supply mode of catenary free and on-board SESS.

How does a supercapacitor improve the battery life of a tram?

Wang et al. comprehensively considered the characteristics of the tram HESS, line conditions, and traction characteristics, took the mass of the supercapacitor as the optimization goal, optimized the parameters, and extended the battery life while reducing the mass of the ESS.